双语 | 怪象！网上热议的“3000万游客赤字”到底怎么回事？

近日，中国与全球化智库（CCG）和携程旅行网（Ctrip）在京联合发布了《从出入境旅游看中国全球化发展》系列报告之一《出境游持续火热，中国入境游发展还需要更大提升》。

这份报告首次提出一个概念——“国际游客赤字”（该报告未给出完整英文译法，其智库官网多写为 tourist deficit）：一个国家出境到其他国家（地区）的本国游客大于入境本国的外国游客数量。这个脱胎于国际贸易的概念并无太多新意，但它给出的数字很特别——中国“国际游客赤字”为3000多万。  

中国的小伙伴很爱出境游

Outbound tourism from the Chinese mainland has grown at an incredible rate since 2005, far outpacing the growth of inbound tourism, a report from think tank Center for China & Globalization (CCG) and travel giant Ctrip group revealed Wednesday.

据中国与全球化智库和旅游业巨头携程旅行网7月5日发布的报告显示，从2005年开始，中国大陆居民出境游人数增幅惊人，远超入境游客的增幅。

According to recent research from the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, China’s travel expenditure as a share of GDP was even higher than the United Kingdom’s in 2014, even though UK’s GDP per capita was seven times that of China’s; in 2015, China’s travel expenditure share of GDP further rose to just below that of Denmark, a country with ten times the GDP per capita of China.

据美联储旧金山分行近日发布的一项研究称，2014年，中国旅游支出相对于国内生产总值(GDP)的比例，甚至高于人均GDP为中国7倍的英国。到2015年，中国的这一支出比例几乎接近人均收入为中国10倍的丹麦。

The International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO) has announced its tourism figures for the 2016-2017 noting that American visitors remained the most numerous, increasing by seven percent in 2016-2017 and accounting for 33 percent of the total number. The number of Chinese visitors increased by 25 percent compared to the previous year, moving them up to second place.

国际南极旅游组织协会公布了2016-2017年度的旅游数据，数据显示去年美国赴南极游客数量保持最多，比上一年度增长了7%，占南极游客总人数的33%。中国游客数量比上一年度增长了25%，跃居第二位。

Meanwhile, China overtook Germany in 2014 as the biggest source of foreign tourism to Russia with almost 410,000 visits, according to Rostourism.

俄罗斯联邦旅游署数据表明，2014年，中国超越德国，成为俄罗斯第一大海外游客来源地，游客访问将近41万人次。

外国小伙伴来的少，游客赤字达3000万

According to the report from think tank Center for China & Globalization (CCG) and Ctrip group, a total of 128 million mainland tourists went abroad in 2015, a 312.9 percent increase over 2005. Yet over those same 11 years, inbound tourism only increased by 11.2 percent, an average 1 percent per year.

中国与全球化智库和携程网发布的报告也指出，2015年，中国大陆出境游客为1.28亿人次，较2005年增长312.9%。而11年间我国入境游客数量的增幅仅为11.2%，平均下来每年只增长1个百分点。

This has created a 30 million person "deficit" for tourism to the mainland. The growth of inbound tourism also was left behind by the 81.3 percent growth of inbound tourism to the Asia-Pacific region.

我国大陆入境游客赤字已达3000万人次，已落后于亚太地区81.3%的增幅。

专家解读与支招

"It's very heartbreaking to see this situation," CCG secretary general Miao Lü told the Global Times on Wednesday.

5日，中国与全球化智库秘书长苗绿在接受《环球时报》采访时称，“看到这种局面很让人痛心。”

"Tourism is a test of every aspect of a country," Miao said. "It's the same as whether guests are willing to come to your house when you invite them over."

“旅游是对一个国家各个方面的考核，”苗绿表示，“就像你邀请别人去你家做客时，对方是否愿意去一样。”

She said that inconvenient visa applications, poor English translations and lack of qualified public facilities such as nursing rooms and disabled bathrooms may lead to overseas tourists looking elsewhere for vacations. The strict rules in the mainland concerning foreigners may also be a problem, as they may make visitors feel like outsiders.

她还表示，签证申请不便、英语翻译蹩脚，以及哺育室、残疾人卫生间等合格公共设施的不足，都可能导致海外游客选择其他的度假胜地。中国大陆对外国人有着严格的制度规定，这可能也是一大问题，因为这些规定可能会使这些游客觉得自己是外地人。

Wang Huiyao, founder and president of CCG, said that the mainland's tourism woes are more a "software" problem than a "hardware" one.

中国与全球化智库创始人兼理事长王辉耀表示，大陆旅游的劣势更多在于软件方面，而非硬件问题。

Among all the issues the mainland is confronted with, visas may be the biggest. While a number of countries offer Chinese citizens multi-year travel visas to boost tourism, the mainland does not have a similar program.

签证是大陆面临的最主要问题。很多国家为中国公民提供多年旅游签证，以促进旅游业发展，但大陆并没有类似的签证项目。

"Another fact is that we have a small foreign resident population here, which means fewer friends and family members come to visit," Wang said.

王辉耀说：“另一个事实是国内的外国居民数量不大，意味着很少会有亲朋好友前来拜访。”

"The best time was 2008, the year of the Beijing Olympic Games when everyone in Beijing was encouraged to learn English," Wang said, noting that this encouragement didn't continue after the Games and so failed to further boost tourism.

他还说：“最好的时候是2008年北京召开奥运会期间，北京全民掀起学英语的热潮。”这种热潮在奥运会之后并未得以延续，没有进一步促进旅游。

Sun Bo, a senior vice president at Ctrip, pointed out another issue: The lack of tourism promotion for the mainland in other countries.

携程网高级副总裁孙波指出了另一个问题：在其他国家缺乏对大陆旅游的宣传。

He noted that tourism bureaus from other countries and regions often reach out to Chinese travel agencies such as Ctrip to localize their advertisements and figure out the best means to reach Chinese customers.

孙波指出，其他国家和地区的旅游局经常找到携程这样的中国旅游机构对其旅游广告进行本土化，达到吸引中国消费者的最佳方式。

Sun recommended that Chinese regional travel bureaus should learn from their overseas counterparts by reaching out to other markets. He emphasized that this is particularly important since the information about different areas in the mainland that exists overseas tends to be incomplete or outright wrong.

孙波建议中国各地旅游局应该借鉴海外同僚的经验，打入他们的市场。他强调这样做十分重要，因为海外现存的关于大陆不同地区的信息残缺不全，有的甚至完全是错的。

英文来源：Global Times 、The Maritime Executive等

编译：Janet 阿狸

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